The environment was major contributing factor to the evolution of Australian art in the 20th century Essay Example For Students

The History of the Common Bean

The History of the Common Bean The taming history of the regular bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is fundamental to understanding the inceptions of farming. Beans are one of the three sisters of customary agrarian editing strategies announced by European pioneers in North America: Native Americans astutely intercropped maize, squash, and beans, giving a refreshing and ecologically stable method of benefiting from their different characteristics.â Beans are one of the most significant local vegetables on the planet, on account of their high groupings of protein, fiber, and complex starches. P. vulgaris is by a long shot the most monetarily significant trained types of the sort Phaseolus. Train Properties P. vulgaris beans arrive in a colossal assortment of shapes, sizes, and hues, from pinto to pink to dark to white. Regardless of this decent variety, wild and residential beans have a place with similar animal varieties, as do the entirety of the brilliant assortments (landraces) of beans, which are accepted to be the consequence of a blend of populace bottlenecks and intentional choice. The fundamental distinction among wild and developed beans is, well, local beans are less energizing. There is a huge increment in seed weight, and the seed cases are more averse to break than wild structures: yet the essential change is an abatement in theâ variability of grain size, seed coat thickness and water consumption during cooking. Residential plants are likewise annuals as opposed to perennials, a chose quality for unwavering quality. In spite of their bright assortment, the local bean is substantially more unsurprising. Focuses Of Domestication Insightful research shows that beans were trained in two places: the Andes heaps of Peru, and the Lerma-Santiago bowl of Mexico. The wild basic bean develops today in the Andes and Guatemala: two separate huge genetic supplies of the wild sorts have been recognized, in view of the variety in the kind of phaseolin (seed protein) in the seed, DNA marker assorted variety, mitochondrial DNA variety and intensified section length polymorphism, and short succession rehashes marker information. The Middle American genetic supply reaches out from Mexico through Central America and into Venezuela; the Andean genetic supply is found from southern Peru to northwestern Argentina. The two genetic supplies wandered somewhere in the range of 11,000 years back. When all is said in done, Mesoamerican seeds are little (under 25 grams for each 100 seeds) or medium (25-40 gm/100 seeds), with one sort of phaseolin, the significant seed stockpiling protein of the regular bean. The Andean structure has a lot bigger seeds (more noteworthy than 40 gm/100 seed weight), with an alternate sort phaseolin. Perceived landraces in Mesoamerica incorporate Jalisco in beach front Mexico close Jalisco state; Durango in the focal Mexican good countries, which incorporates pinto, extraordinary northern, little red and pink beans; and Mesoamerican, in marsh tropical Central American, which incorporates dark, naval force and little white. Andean cultivars incorporate Peruvian, in the Andean good countries of Peru; Chilean in northern Chile and Argentina; and Nueva Granada in Colombia. Andean beans incorporate the business types of dull and light red kidney, white kidney, and cranberry beans. Birthplaces in Mesoamerica In 2012, work by a gathering of geneticists drove by Roberto Papa was distributed in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Bitocchi et al. 2012), arguing for a Mesoamerican root everything being equal. Daddy and partners inspected the nucleotide assorted variety for five unique qualities found in all structures wild and trained, and including models from the Andes, Mesoamerica and a middle person area among Peru and Ecuador-and took a gander at the geographic dissemination of the qualities. This examination proposes that the wild structure spread from Mesoamerica, into Ecuador and Columbia and afterward into the Andes, where an extreme bottleneck decreased the quality decent variety, eventually before training. Taming later occurred in the Andes and in Mesoamerica, autonomously. The significance of the first area of beans is because of the wild flexibility of the first plant, which permitted it to move into a wide assortment of climatic systems, from the marsh tropics of Mesoamerica into the Andean good countries. Dating the Domestication While the specific date of taming for beans has not yet been resolved, wild landraces have been found in archeological locales dated to 10,000 years prior in Argentina and 7,000 years back in Mexico. In Mesoamerica, the most punctual development of local basic beans happened before ~2500 in the Tehuacan valley (at Coxcatlan), 1300 BP in Tamaulipas (at (Romeros and Valenzuelas Caves close Ocampo), 2100 BP in the Oaxaca valley (at Guila Naquitz). Starch grains from Phaseolus were recuperated from human teeth from Las Pircas stage destinations in Andean Peru dated between ~6970-8210 RCYBP (around 7800-9600 schedule a long time before the present). Sources Angioi, SA. Beans in Europe: birthplace and structure of the European landraces of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Rau D, Attene G, et al., National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, September 2010. Bitocchi E, Nanni L, Bellucci E, Rossi M, Giardini A, Spagnoletti Zeuli P, Logozzo G, Stougaard J, McClean P, Attene G et al. 2012. Mesoamerican birthplace of the normal bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is uncovered by arrangement information. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences Early Edition. Earthy colored CH, Clement CR, Epps P, Luedeling E, and Wichmann S. 2014. The Paleobiolinguistics of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Ethnobiology Letters 5(12):104-115. Kwak, M. Structure of hereditary decent variety in the two significant genetic supplies of regular bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae). Gepts P, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, March 2009. Kwak M, Kami JA, and Gepts P. 2009. The Putative Mesoamerican Domestication Center is Located in the Lerma-Santiago Basin of Mexico. Yield Science 49(2):554-563. Mamidi S, Rossi M, Annam D, Moghaddam S, Lee R, Papa R, and McClean P. 2011. Examination of the training of normal bean ( Functional Plant Biology 38(12):953-967.Phaseolus vulgaris) utilizing multilocus arrangement information. Mensack M, Fitzgerald V, Ryan E, Lewis M, Thompson H, and Brick M. 2010. Assessment of decent variety among normal beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from two focuses of taming utilizing omics advancements. BMC Genomics 11(1):686. Nanni, L. Nucleotide decent variety of a genomic arrangement like SHATTERPROOF (PvSHP1) in trained and wild regular bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Bitocchi E, Bellucci E, et al., National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, December 2011, Bethesda, MD. Peã ±a-Valdivia CB, Garcã ­a-Nava JR, Aguirre R JR, Ybarra-Moncada MC, and Lã ³pez H M. 2011. Variety in Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Grain along a Domestication Gradient. Science Biodiversity 8(12):2211-2225. Piperno DR, and Dillehay TD. 2008. Starch grains on human teeth uncover early expansive yield diet in northern Peru. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences 105(50):19622-19627. Scarry, C. Margaret. Yield Husbandry Practices in North America’s Eastern Woodlands. Contextual analyses in Environmental Archeology, SpringerLink, 2008. J, Schmutz. A reference genome for basic bean and genome-wide investigation of double trainings. McClean PE2, Mamidi S, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, July 2014, Bethesda, MD. Tuberosa (Editor). Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources. Roberto, Graner, et al., Volume 1, SpringerLink, 2014.

Why Heroin Users Are at Risk for Contracting AIDS

Why Heroin Users Are at Risk for Contracting AIDS Addiction Drug Use Heroin Print Heroin Users Have an Increased Risk of AIDS Exposure By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 28, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 01, 2019 Diverse Images/UIG/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Heroin Cocaine Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The use of the drug heroin, by itself, does not increase the risk of contracting any disease or virus. It is the activities and behaviors surrounding the use of heroin that increases the risk of being exposed to HIV, viral hepatitis, and other infections. Using and sharing syringes and other injection paraphernalia and unprotected sexual contact with others who are infected is the reason that heroin users are at special risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B and C. Risky Sexual Behavior Even heroin users who snort or smoke are at greater risk for contracting infections because, in general, people under the influence of drugs tend to engage in risky sexual behaviors that can expose them. But, injection drug users are by far the highest-risk group for acquiring hepatitis C (HVC) infection. Of all the new hepatitis C patients in 2010, 53% were injection drug users. Additionally, an estimated 20% of all injection drug users in 2010 were infected with the hepatitis B infection, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Other Health Challenges Heroin users can also have co-occurring conditions that can affect one another and create health challenges. These can include hepatitis and other diseases, mental illnesses, social dysfunction, and stigma. According to the NIDA, treatment plans for heroin abusers should be comprehensive and designed to address co-occurring issues to reduce drug use and drug-related risk behaviors, which in turn, can reduce the exposure to infectious diseases. Risk Increase for Heroin Addicts The two major threats that heroin use poses is the risk of overdose and the risk of addiction. Heroin can be a powerful addiction, causing people to do things they normally would never consider doing otherwise, like sharing dirty needles or having risky sex. Therefore the risk of contracting HIV infection or other infections is much greater for a full-blown heroin addict than it would be for a casual user. But, that is the big risk with heroin. Casual users generally do not remain casual users for very long.

Deceptive Appearances in Macbeth - 1362 Words

In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, a selfish Scottish thane becomes over-ambitious and commits several murders in order to gain and stay in power. After the murders, Macbeth evades suspicion by hiding his guilt and intentions, therefore deceiving others into thinking that he is innocent. Other characters including Lady Macbeth, the witches and the Scottish thanes also use their appearances to hide the truth and deceive others. With these examples, Shakespeare shows that appearances can be deceiving. Macbeth uses his appearance to deceive others on several occasions throughout the play. For example, in Act 3, Scene 1, after hearing the witches’ prophecies and becoming the Thane of Cawdor, Macbeth begins to consider murdering the current king of†¦show more content†¦Another example of Lady Macbeth using her appearance to deceive others is the way she deceives Macbeth into thinking that she is much crueler than she really is. After Duncan’s murder she says, â€Å"Had he not resembled / My father as he slept, I had done’t.†, but after Macbeth appears she acts as though she would be ashamed if she felt guilty for murdering the king (2.3.12-13). When she is not in the presence of her husband, she confesses she would not have been able to murder Duncan herself and she is fearful of being caught, but when she is with Macbeth she has a cold demeanour and lacking in empathy. Lady Macbeth uses her appearance to con Duncan into believing that she is trus tworthy and Macbeth into believing that she has no negative feelings regarding Duncan’s murder. The three witches show that appearances can be deceiving by tricking Macbeth many times throughout the play. In the opening scene, the witches set the mood of the play by saying, â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair,† (1.1.12). This quote often applies to the witches themselves and their predictions. For example, the three prophecies told to Macbeth predict personal reward. Though Banquo questioned, â€Å"[W]hy do you start and seem to fear / Things that do sound so fair?†, Macbeth had good reason to fear the witches’ prophecies (1.3.49-50). Predictions originally thought to be good (ie. he would become king) eventually led to Macbeth’s downfall.Show MoreRelatedMacbeth - Appearance vs. Reality1537 Words   |  7 PagesAppearance vs. Reality – Macbeth: Commentary Macbeth is a play written by William Shakespeare, which focuses on the life of Macbeth. Out of the four Shakespearean play categories, it is categorized as a tragedy, as the events of the play ultimately lead to the downfall of the protagonist, Macbeth. The theme of appearance versus reality is constantly repeated throughout the play, as it greatly contributes to the development of the plot. The idea is constantly conveyed by the characters using a pleasantRead More Macbeth - Conflict Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pagesdramatic development of MACBETH, one must consider all the dramatic factors that contribute to the Shakespearean play. The gradual decline of the protagonist , the role portrayed by characters and the order in which the events occur, greatly influence the direction in which the development of the play takes place. After reading the text MACBETH, by Shakespeare and viewing the film version, directed by Roman Polanski, it is logical to see that ambition and the deceptive a ppearances of what really is, isRead MoreMacbeth - Conflict1586 Words   |  7 Pagesdramatic development of MACBETH, one must consider all the dramatic factors that contribute to the Shakespearean play. The gradual decline of the protagonist , the role portrayed by characters and the order in which the events occur, greatly influence the direction in which the development of the play takes place. After reading the text MACBETH, by Shakespeare and viewing the film version, directed by Roman Polanski, it is logical to see that ambition and the deceptive appearances of what really is, isRead MoreAnalysis Of Act 3 Scene 4 Of Macbeth1310 Words   |  6 PagesAct 3 Scene 4 of Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, is often noted as the climax of Macbeth as it marks the turning point of the play, where Macbeth will not go back to his old, pure self. Set at the Macbeths’ banquet, it begins calmly and orderly but takes an unexpected turn when Macbeth finds the ghost of Banquo (whom he has just had murdered) sitting in his place. He is the only person who can see it and is unsettled and reacts badly. The scene ends ominously with the line, ‘We are yet but young inRead MoreShakespeares Macbeth, Why We Still Study This Play in Present Day?1108 Words   |  5 Pagesessay: Macbeth WHY DO WE STILL STUDY THIS PLAY IN 2012? The legendary tale of Macbeth has endured the test of time and is still a largely studied and watched play in 2011. There are numerous reasons why this is, not only does this classic play have a fascinating story and characters, it also has countless themes that still present valuable lessons to be learnt in this day and age. One of those important lessons shown in this dramatic play includes the deceptive nature of appearances. The deceptiveRead MoreMacbeths Ultimate Sin1170 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play about subterfuge and trickery. Macbeth, his wife, and the three Weird Sisters are linked in their mutual refusal to come out and say things directly. Instead, they rely on implications, riddles, and ambiguity to evade the truth. Macbeth’s ability to manipulate his language and his public image to hide his foul crimes makes him a very modern-seeming politician. As Bernard McElroy says in his literary criticism about Macbeth, â€Å" When confronted with the possibility of committing aRead MoreTheme Of Appearance And Reality In Macbeth919 Words   |  4 Pagesperson is often masked by ones perception of appearance. In William Shakespeares Macbeth, Shakespeare shows how the looks and innocence of one is a camouflage behind wickedness like how Lady Macbeth uses her charm to look innocent, c overing the fact that she is the mastermind behind all the evil plans. The idea of appearance vs reality is significant in this play as Lady Macbeth utilizes her innocent appeal to shroud her mischievousness as well as Macbeth uses his innocent identity to cover his motivesRead MoreThe Theme Fair is Foul and Foul is Fair in Macbeth by William Shakespeare1126 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme Fair is Foul and Foul is Fair in Macbeth by William Shakespeare The witches in a barren heath are the first to mention Macbeth - thus indicating that he, the main character of the play, has, or will have a very strong tie to them and evil. Shakespeare opens the play with a dark and mysterious atmosphere, setting the mood of the play using a thunderstorm, an example of pathetic fallacy, a device used effectively throughout the play. This opening suggests thatRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1416 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s tragic play Macbeth is widely renowned and respected as one of the most influential works in history. Taylah Thirlwall compares Geoffrey Wright’s 2006 film to Roman Polanski’s 1971 film, and scrutinizes the portrayal of Masculinity. Using guns for swords and drugs for poison, the Melbourne’s Underground becomes a frolicking pitch for Wright’s Macbeth. Daggers, illusion and battling provides a framework into the highlighted theme of masculinity. What is masculinity, and theRead More Macbeth: Serpentine Imagery Essay825 Words   |  4 Pagesgrass† expresses latency. Shakespeare uses this treacherous reptile in Macbeth to convey the same evil. In his poetic prose, Shakespeare may not speak of a character’s malevolence directly; rather, he alludes to it through serpentine imagery. Macbeth contains four separate images of this type. What is their purpose, and what do they signify? A deep undercurrent of meaning flows beneath each image. In act one, scene five, Lady Macbeth tries to instill invisible evil into herself and her husband in preparation

Hunger Games Entertainment As Government Manipulation

â€Å"Happy Hunger Games: Entertainment as Government Manipulation in the Hunger Games Series† For many years teen fiction has gotten a bad reputation for being nothing but fluff. However, teen fiction can be just as nuanced as some of the classics that are taught in the traditional classroom. This is no more apparent than in that genre of teen dystopian science fiction. The Hunger Games trilogy, the quintessential story of government oppression, shows how entertainment can be used to manipulate the unsuspecting public. The Capitol uses forms of entertainment to rule over and manipulate the district and Capitol’s citizens and the tribute/victors. The Capitol begins its manipulation of the districts from the very beginning of each Hunger Games. Like Levi-Strauss notes in his observations, It seems to have favoured the exploitation of human beings rather than their enlightenment (Levi-Strauss 1282). Instead of using its power to encourage its citizens, the Capitol seems content to use an entertainment smoke screen to keep its people in line. On the day of the Reaping, whe re the tributes are chosen, the mayor of each district regales the people with the triumphs of the Capitol: â€Å"He lists the disasters, the droughts, the storms, the fires, the encroaching seas that swallowed up so much of the land, the brutal war for what little sustenance remained. The result was Panem, a shining Capitol ringed by thirteen districts, which brought peace and prosperity to its citizens. Then cameShow MoreRelatedThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins3514 Words   |  15 PagesThe Hunger Games is a science fiction, dystopian post-apocalyptic series that takes place in a futuristic North American nation called Panem. The film series is based on the novel series of the same title written by Suzanne Collins. Many who watch the films view them as an action-packed adventure series, but The Hunger Games, like many other dystopian films, feature social and political subjects that relate back to past and present culture. Dystopian films like the Hunger Games provide messages ,Read MoreThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins1487 Words   |  6 PagesMy first text is The Hunger Games which is written by Suzanne Collins and it was written in September 14 2008; was set in the future, around the year 2087. My second text which is 1984, which is written by George Orwell and was written on Wednesday June 8 1949 and it was set in 1948. There are many themes in the book hunger games such as ‘the inequality between rich and poor’, ‘suffering as environment’ and ‘the importance of appearances’. In 1984 there is also many themes portrayed such as ‘theRead MoreComparing the Dystopian Elements in Suzenne Collins The Hunger Games and George Orwells 19841377 Words   |  6 Pageselements in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games echo those in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four Dystopian literature adheres to certain conventions; the theme of a dystopian future typically encompasses a severely repressed society, with socio-political dysfunction and class stratification. Themes of surveillance, censorship and personal independence have been established by authors such as George Orwell, and are recurrent throughout 2008 novel â€Å"The Hunger Games† by Suzanne Collins, although OrwellianRead MoreSummary Of The Hunger Games Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pages The Hunger Games â€Å"â€Å"No, you can’t kill yourself, â€Å"I say. I’m on my knees, desperately plastering the bandage back onto his wound. â€Å"Katniss, â€Å"he says. â€Å"It’s what I want. â€Å"You’re not leaving me here alone, â€Å"I say. Because if he dies, I’ll never go home, not really. I’ll spend the rest of my life in this arena trying to think my way out. â€Å"Listen, â€Å"he says pulling me to my feet. â€Å"We both know they have to have a victor. It can only be one of us. Please, take it. For me.† And he goes on about howRead MoreThe Hunger Games Movie Analysis1935 Words   |  8 PagesIn the following film, The Hunger Games directed by Gary Ross, it focuses primarily on the protagonist, Katniss Everdeen, who volunteers to partake the Hunger games tribute that occurs once a year. Every year in each district, each of the two members of each gender is selected to fight the annual Hunger Games. Katniss intends to be the center of attention of this film, which gives the audiences a better insight of the movie, also revealing additional themes that the author is trying to convey. AtRead MorePost-colonialism in The Hunger Games1957 Words   |  8 PagesThe success of the books, The Hunger Games trilogy by Suzanne Collins, is remarkable considering that the storyline is of a game in which children kill each other. The books have reached iconic status in America and is an anomaly in the Young Adult Literature genre in that it has a female protagonist yet is popular with male and female readers of all ages. Collins wrote the series in response to her fears of the blurred lines between Reality Shows and televised news events (Blasingame 726). The dystopianRead MoreExploring Young People s Literacy Practices Across Corporate And User Produced Platforms6165 Words   |  25 PagesAbstract In this article we explore young people’s literacy practices as embedded in ecologies of multimodal and transmedia use. Unlike approaches grounded in distinct online locations, such as affinity spaces, specific websites, particular video games, or other media platforms, a focus on transmedia ecologies encourages us to look beyond spatial and structural boundaries to understand how flows of corporate and user-produced artefacts can shape, constrain, and expand young people’s literate repertoiresRead MoreSurveillance Has Been A Popular Theme Used By The Entertainment Industry2547 Words   |  11 PagesSurveillance has been a popular theme used by the entertainment industry in the last two decades. Films like the Bourne film series (2002-2012), Equilibrium (2002), V for Vendetta (2005), The Dark Knight (2008), Eagle Eye (2008), The Hunger Games film series (2012-2015) and Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014) each use and play with this sense that the world is being watched by mysterious, dangerous, and clandestine men in black. Reality television programming, including shows like Big BrotherRead MoreActivism Essay 22948 Words   |  12 Pagesthree mentioned areas. There are various ways of engaging in activism. Mostly activism is associated with protests and confrontations. Actually activism can take other various forms depending on the activists. Strikes, matching on to the streets, hunger strikes, boycotts are some of the most synonymous means used. Therefore with the above understanding, the inclusion of the word youth in activism simply means that, it’s the involvement of young in organizing the community for social change. YoungRead MoreThe Teenage Dna3652 Words   |  15 Pagesbreakfast. They are brand conscious as far as their clothing accessories are concerned. They like to go to fast-food joints hang around with friends. They like to watch films shopping. They like to spend time in social networking sites or playing games in their consol. They love to watch TV listening to music. They don’t hesitate to tell lies to their parents or friends. They can beg, borrow steal to manage a desired lifestyle. CONTENT 1. Teenagers Lifestyle 2. Teenager Values 3. Teenagers

Why a College Education Is Important to Me Free Essays

Heather Keller AC1300869 EN110 Achieving Academic Excellence Assignment 5_06 Why a College Education is Important to Me April 17, 2013 The importance of an education in today’s society proves demanding and also essential. To understand the importance of education, we must first understand what education entails. Education can be described as the process of learning and applying the materials learned to everyday situations. We will write a custom essay sample on Why a College Education Is Important to Me or any similar topic only for you Order Now Education plays an important role in our success in this ever changing world. As our economy explodes with many advances, the necessity for education grows considerably. As an adolescent in high school we begin to examine the significance of that of an education. Questions pertaining to our choice in a particular career field, the amount of salary that we desire, and the goals we wish to obtain may arise. The choice to pursue a college education can open numerous opportunities. Also a college education will improve your overall success throughout life. In securing a future involving a college education, one must be dedicated to spending several hours to studying and obtaining realistic goals. The advantages to obtaining a college education are endless. For most individuals the clear cut advantage is a higher paying salary. According to the U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, an individual with a bachelor’s degree earned more than twice as much as those without a high school diploma or equivalency. Opportunities for employment are in higher demand for those who demonstrate higher more efficient knowledge. The knowledge or skills gained from attending college with help further guide you throughout life. With multiple career opportunities available, college proves to be beneficial to a persons success. Another advantage to having a college education is the personal growth and development that a person acquires during this time. For myself, personal growth is a main factor for achieving my personal goals. Personal growth and development can be described in many different forms. Mental, physical, financial, and emotional are just a few examples. The sense of accomplishment or personal gain received from applying one’s self, is an advantage all in its self. The importance of an education has been repeatedly stated by several of history’s inspirational leaders, such as Benjamin Franklin. Benjamin Franklin stated â€Å"Genius without education is like silver in the mine. † Also he stated â€Å"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest. These ingenious words are clear in their meaning and hold a very inspirational thought. The rationale for pursuing a college education is all to clear. The outcome that arises from extended education has proven more beneficial compared to those of a high school graduate. Potential for better career opportunities, higher pay salary, advancements in career fields and personal satisfaction are clear advantages to the importance of a college education. References: Brainyquote. com Author: Benjamin Franklin Source: National Center for Education Statistics The Condition of Education 2012 How to cite Why a College Education Is Important to Me, Papers

Why a College Education Is Important to Me Free Essays

Heather Keller AC1300869 EN110 Achieving Academic Excellence Assignment 5_06 Why a College Education is Important to Me April 17, 2013 The importance of an education in today’s society proves demanding and also essential. To understand the importance of education, we must first understand what education entails. Education can be described as the process of learning and applying the materials learned to everyday situations. We will write a custom essay sample on Why a College Education Is Important to Me or any similar topic only for you Order Now Education plays an important role in our success in this ever changing world. As our economy explodes with many advances, the necessity for education grows considerably. As an adolescent in high school we begin to examine the significance of that of an education. Questions pertaining to our choice in a particular career field, the amount of salary that we desire, and the goals we wish to obtain may arise. The choice to pursue a college education can open numerous opportunities. Also a college education will improve your overall success throughout life. In securing a future involving a college education, one must be dedicated to spending several hours to studying and obtaining realistic goals. The advantages to obtaining a college education are endless. For most individuals the clear cut advantage is a higher paying salary. According to the U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, an individual with a bachelor’s degree earned more than twice as much as those without a high school diploma or equivalency. Opportunities for employment are in higher demand for those who demonstrate higher more efficient knowledge. The knowledge or skills gained from attending college with help further guide you throughout life. With multiple career opportunities available, college proves to be beneficial to a persons success. Another advantage to having a college education is the personal growth and development that a person acquires during this time. For myself, personal growth is a main factor for achieving my personal goals. Personal growth and development can be described in many different forms. Mental, physical, financial, and emotional are just a few examples. The sense of accomplishment or personal gain received from applying one’s self, is an advantage all in its self. The importance of an education has been repeatedly stated by several of history’s inspirational leaders, such as Benjamin Franklin. Benjamin Franklin stated â€Å"Genius without education is like silver in the mine. † Also he stated â€Å"An investment in knowledge pays the best interest. These ingenious words are clear in their meaning and hold a very inspirational thought. The rationale for pursuing a college education is all to clear. The outcome that arises from extended education has proven more beneficial compared to those of a high school graduate. Potential for better career opportunities, higher pay salary, advancements in career fields and personal satisfaction are clear advantages to the importance of a college education. References: Brainyquote. com Author: Benjamin Franklin Source: National Center for Education Statistics The Condition of Education 2012 How to cite Why a College Education Is Important to Me, Papers

MM essay free essay sample

WT2 Real-time Earphone Translator can translate different languages in real-time. This feature could greatly satisfy different group of users like businessman, gregarious people and tourists. For instance, international tourists and businessman always have requirement of communicating with foreign people. As a result, they used to hire an interpreter or translator with them during the journey or communication (Stacey, R. , 2012), WT2 Real-time Earphone Translator can easily change this phenomenon. After users wear this product, conversation could become enjoyable and easier, they do not need to wait for the translation from their assistant anymore and can also avoid disclosure of information as well. There is not only formal international communication has need for WT2 Real-time Earphone Translator, this product can be also used in daily life, those young and gregarious people may also need it. Since they carry this earphone, they can talk with foreigners without learning their language and get familiar with them fast. We will write a custom essay sample on MM essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Considering the emotional benefits of the product as well. ( Baines, P., Fill, C. and Page, K., 2013 ) This high-tech product will not only help the communication become easier but can also let users feel upscale.By using breakdown method of segmentation, the customer groups can be determined with an essential and fundamental feature: having requirement of communicating with others by different languages frequently and having enough purchasing power. (L.P. Clarke, 1995)To satisfy this feature, international successful people like international businessman and tourists and rich young can be allocated to different customer groups.Some of established international tourists and businessman may prefer original methods to communicate with foreign clients such as hiring the dependable interpreter, so our customer must have the feature that willing to try new stuff and have finger on the pulse. As a result, the customer group of successful mans age can be determined as 30 to 50 years old with high income and career maturity. To another consumer group, their age can be easily defined as 18-25 sociable teenagers. Because young in this age stage has much more avant-garde consumption concept and would like to spend a huge amount of money to purchase upscale staff to show their power. (Baines, P., Fill, C., Rosengren, S., and Antonetti, P. 2017)London is one of the most famous international financial center in the world, which has much higher purchasing power and there is relatively more frequency international interactions than other places in UK, it is also a brilliant city for travelling. Therefore it will be more customers on housing ladder what satisfy the requirement of purchasing WT2 Real-time Earphone Translator in there.As international successful people, they are driving big brand business purpose vehicle because they already success enough with no need of showing off. They would like to attend a cocktail party and play elegant sports like goal to make contact with other successful people. This product can help them to make their work and travel become more efficiency and this upscale high-tech product can also reflect their success, strong practicability would be their optimal choice. On the contrary, the other consumer group rich young is happy to show off how rich they are. Therefore this consumer group p refer extravagant lifestyle, fancy cars and brand name clothes. This earphone is beneficial for young rich to show off and get honor from others to satisfy their vanity.WT2 Real-time Earphone translator can be used in both formal and informal talk, for international businessman, they can use this product in business meeting and daily communication; Tourist can solve the conversation issues by this product; For young rich, they can wear this earphone translator and get understand of foreigners words and makes socialising with foreigners easier. Success people used to concentrate on international news and financial magazines but rich young would like to follow fashion stars Instagram and Facebook, they do watch a lot fashion channel on Youtube as well. (The ACAM, 2017)The trend of globalization is becoming increasingly obvious nowadays, as an result, there is more conversation between different countries people. Learning new language is a brilliant way to keep mind sharp, but mens energy is limited, sometimes the input of learning a new language a nd its return is not proportional. Therefore WT2 Real-time Earphone translator can make communication become easier and enjoyable between people who dont know each others language. The WT2 Real-time Earphone translator contains six different languages what are English, French, Japanese, German, Chinese and Spanish. These languages contains 80% external population in UK. (Statistia, 2017)UK is one of the most famous multicultural countries, which means people live in there have a numbers of opportunities to interact with foreigners. As the UKs capital, perhaps it is unsurprising that London is the most linguistically multicultural part of the United Kingdom, Statista (2017) details 22.1 percent of its residents having a main language other than English. For both working or daily communication, language barrier is extremely problematic. As the pace of peoples life is speeding up, their living pressure is also getting higher, when they face the condition that need to talk with foreign people who cannot understand each others words, communication can only effect negatively and make embarrassed atmosphere. With this condition, understanding different languages is an essential requirement in this multicultural country. This product contains the most advanced technology in the world leads to high price setting as an upscale and high-tech product. It can translate different languages in real-time and help users to get rid of tedious manual operation. London is one of the city with the greatest purchasing power in the world, people live in there will desire this product more than other places not only because people in there is rich but London is also a multicultural city, there is numbers of people come from different countries speak different languages.After Brexit, there will be less interaction between Europe Union and UK, this may cause negative effect for WT2 Real-time Earphone translator because this product contains Germany, French and Spanish. After Brexit event, people come from German, France and Spain will be resistant to travel or living in UK which means this effect could decrease user group of this product. Opposite to this, there is an open policy to China such as Chinese can automatic ally change standard six months validity visit UK visa to 2 years validity visa freely. This policy can encourage the traveller from China increasing travel to UK, this is an increase of user group of WT2 Real-time Translator. Product Primary competitors Secondary competitorsWT2 Real-time Earphone Translator Google translator App Cambridge English DictionaryGlobal Voices interpreter company KKCL language schoolThe primary competitors of WT2 Real-time Earphone translator can be defined as Google translator application and Global Voices interpreter company. Google translator is a powerful application which contains 32 languages of speech-to-speech translation therefore this application can closely provide the same services with Earphone Translator and they have the most close positioning, target market and consumer group. This application is not only powerful in translation but also totally free which is its biggest advantage compare with Earphone Translator. But Earphone translator has its own strength, this product can get rid of tedious manual operation and the most essential thing is this is an Real-time translator, no delay in translation. Google translate needs long time to wait for translation and man ual operation which is its weakness. To compare with Google translate, Earphone translator need to focus on senior customer more because they need work or talk to be efficiently and they have the ability to ignore the price strength of Google translator.The Interpreter can provide the real-time translation like WT2 Real-time translator but it costs a lot as well and consumers may face moral hazard because if interpreter hide or change main information from the conversation can cause information asymmetry. Therefore the user of WT2 Real-time translator will not be bothered by this issue.The secondary competitors are Cambridge English Dictionary and KKCL Language School. These products can also solve translating problem indirectly because dictionary and language school both cannot translate in real time and need time period to search words in dictionary or learn a new language.With the trend of increasingly globalization and multicultural, the conversation between different counties will be risen. As a result, demand for translating different languages will be stimulated. Therefore WT2 Earphone have a promising field of market but it has to face the threaten from other competitors. The main resistance is from interpreters and translation applications. These two rivals both hold the price advantage compare with WT2 Real-time translator. But hiring interpreters does not suitable for daily talk and informal communication. There is also some potential moral hazard for hiring interpreters and translation application need tedious manual operation. As a result, WT2 Real-time translator can be defined as an upscale and high-tech product with its unique selling point- translating languages in real time and no need to worry about ethical issues and no longer waiting for translation.Reference ListACAM (2017) Trends in Youth Media Use HYPERLINK ;https://www.acma.gov. au/theACMA/acma-research-report-trends-in-media-use-by-children-and-young-people-generation-m2-usa-mcaf-2007-and-cpcla-2009-australia; https://www.acma.gov.au/theACMA/acma-research-report-trends-in-media-use-by-children-and-young-people-generation-m2-usa-mcaf-2007-and-cpcla-2009-australia Accessed: 26 July 2017Baines, P., Fill, C., and Page, K. (2013) Essentials of Marketing, chapter 2 Marketing Strategy Planning pp. 37-49.Baines, P., Fill, C., and Page, K. (2013) Essentials of Marketing, chapter 6 Business and Organizational Customers and Their Buying Behavior pp. 166-182.Baines, P. , Fill, C., Rosengren, S., and Antonetti, P. (2017) Fundamentals of Marketing, chapter 4 Marketing Environment and Strategy pp. 106-113Baines, P., Fill, C., Rosengren, S. , and Antonetti, P. (2017) Fundamentals of Marketing, chapter 5 Market Segmentation and Positioning pp. 127-137Clarke,L.P.,(1995) Market segmentation: Methods and applications. pp. 343-368Stacey, R.(2012) 15 Tips To Overcome Language Barriers Business 2 Community HYPERLINK ;https://www.business2community.com/travel-leisure/15-tips-to-overcome-language-barriers-0118452; https://www.business2community.com/travel-leisure/15-tips-to-overcome-language-barriers-0118452 Accessed: 16 January, 2012Statistia (2017) Languages in the United Kingdom Statistics ; Facts HYPERLINK ;https://www.statista.com/topics/2288/languages-in-the-united-kingdom/; https://www.statista.com/topics/2288/languages-in-the-united-kingdom/ Accessed: 05 August 2017

The History of Toy Inventions

The History of Toy Inventions Toy manufacturers and toy inventors use both utility and design patents, along with trademarks and copyrights. In fact, many toys especially video games take advantage of all three types of intellectual property protection. Toys as big business did not begin until after the 1830s, when steamboats and steam trains improved the transportation and distribution of manufactured goods. Early toymakers used wood, tin, or cast iron to fashion horses, soldiers, wagons, and other simple toys. Charles Goodyears method for vulcanizing rubber created another medium for manufacturing balls, dolls, and squeeze toys. Toy Manufacturers One example of a contemporary toy manufacturer is Mattel, an international company. Toy manufacturers produce and distribute most of our toys. They also research and develop new toys and buy or license toy inventions from inventors. Mattel began in 1945 as a garage workshop belonging to Harold Matson and Elliot Handler. Their business name Mattel was a combination of the letters of their last and first names, respectively. Mattels first products were picture frames. However, Elliot started making dollhouse furniture from picture frame scraps. That proved to be such a success that Mattel switched to making nothing but toys. Electronic Toys In the early 1970s, Pong, the first patented video game was a great hit.  Nolan Bushnell  created Pong along with a company named Atari. Pong debuted in  arcades and was soon ported to home units. The games Space Invaders,  Pac-Man, and Tron followed. As technology advanced, the dedicated single game machine was replaced by programmable machines that allowed different games to be played simply by exchanging a cartridge. Inventions in circuitry and miniaturization in the early 1980s produced handheld games. Nintendo, a Japanese electronics company, along with many others, moved into the video game market. Home computers created a market for games that were versatile, action-packed, challenging, and diverse. As our technology progresses, so does the complexity and diversity of our amusements. Once, toys simply reflected everyday life and activities. Today, toys create new ways of living and teach us to adapt to changing  technologies and inspire us to follow our dreams. The History of Specific Toys From Barbie to the yo-yo, learn more about how your favorite toy was invented Barbie DollCrayonsEtch-A-SketchFrisbeeHacky SackHula HoopLEGOMr. Potato HeadPlay-DohPuzzles, Board and Card GamesSilly PuttyTeddy BearsComputer and Video GamesYo-Yo

How Much Air Force One Cost

How Much Air Force One Cost Air Force One, the aircraft that transports the president of the United States, cost  about $2 billion to build and more than $200,000 to fly, according to federal spending records and published reports. Taxpayers pay for some or all of the Air Force One cost regardless of whether the presidents airplane is used for official trips or unofficial, political purposes. The two newest Air Force One airplanes, both models  747-8, are being outfitted by Boeing at a combined cost of about $3.9 billion and were to take flight in 2021. The White House determines whether use of Air Force One is for official or political purposes. Many times the Boeing 747 is used for a combination of events. Specific Air Force One Costs The $200,000-plus hourly Air Force One cost covers everything from fuel, maintenance, engineering support, food and lodging for the pilots and crew and other operational costs that include the use of special communications equipment. In addition to the hourly cost of Air Force One, taxpayers cover salaries for Secret Service staff and other assistants who travel with the president. Occasionally, when there are more than 75 people traveling with the president, the federal government will use a second passenger airplane to accommodate them. What is an Official Trip? Perhaps the most common example of official Air Force One use by the president is traveling across the United States to explain and win support for his administrations policies. Another is traveling overseas on official state business to meet with foreign leaders, such as President Barack Obamas 2010 trip on Air Force One to India. When a president travels on official business, taxpayers cover all Air Force One costs including food, lodging and car rentals, according to the Congressional Research Service. During official trips taxpayers also cover the cost of travel for the presidents immediate family and staff. What is a Political Trip? The most common example of a political trip on Air Force One is when the president travels to a destination in his role not as commander-in-chief but as de facto leader of his political party. Such travel would be to attend fundraisers, campaign rallies or party events. On the campaign trail, Obama and other presidential nominees have also gotten to use armored buses that cost more than $1 million each. When Air Force One is used for political purposes, the president often reimburses the government for the cost of food, lodging and travel. The president or his election campaign pays back an amount that is equivalent of the airfare that they would have paid had they used a commercial airline, according to the Congressional Research Service. According to The Associated Press, though, the president or his campaign does not pay for the entire Air Force One operation cost. They pays an amount that is based on the number of people board the airplane. Taxpayers still pick up the cost of Secret Service agents and the operation of Air Force One. Political and Officials Trips The a president and his family and staff travel on Air Force One for a combination of political and officials purposes, they typically reimburse taxpayers for the part of the trip that is considered campaigning. For example, if half of the presidents trip is spent raising money for his or another officials election, he or his campaign will reimburse taxpayers for half the cost of his travel, food and lodging. There are gray areas, of course. When they travel and appear in public to defend their policy positions, the difference between their official duties and their activities as leaders of their political party can be difficult to assess, the Congressional Research Service state. As a result, the White House decides the nature of travel on a case-by-case basis, attempting to determine whether each trip, or part of a trip, is or is not official by considering the nature of the event involved, and the role of the individual involved.

HR Field Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HR Field - Research Paper Example According to the essay in recent years, this field has attained significant importance throughout the world, as the human resourcing jobs are detrimental in performance evaluation of any organization. Human resourcing as the name suggests, adds a human or people approach to the ways the organizations develop and function in daily life. This profession has gone through substantial changes in recent years and now holds the credit for being one of the best career choices in terms of career growth and progression, salary and benefits, and career outlook. The types of job include both the internal and external to the organization job, as well as the specialist and the generalist human resource practitioners.  This paper outlines that  many organizations enjoy human resource services by the external service providers or the outsourced human resource professionals whereas; other organizations prefer the internal human resource department to carry out the HR jobs and tasks. Generalists u sually have knowledge and expertise on every aspect and perspective of business however, the specialists professional have advanced expertise and greater knowledge on a few aspects of the HR environment. The HR professionals usually hold degree or certification in Human Resource Management however; degrees in related fields of study are beneficial and productive in this regard as well.  The HR field offers steady jobs throughout the career ladder of a human resource professional and bears substantial fruit in every phase or point in one's career.

HCM621-0804A-01 Ethics, Policy, and Law in Health Care Management - Essay - 7

HCM621-0804A-01 Ethics, Policy, and Law in Health Care Management - Phase 3 Discussion Board 2 - Essay Example Confidentiality laws and professional rules of behaviour allow the provider to release medical information only when it is required for your care, required by law, or necessary for the administration of your plan or support the providers programs or operations that evaluate quality service. Let you participate with your health care providers in health decisions and have them give you information about your medical condition and your treatment options, regardless of benefits coverage or cost. Health care provider should fulfill its obligations to its members in order to have a mutual relationship. By doing this the provider can achieved its goal in strengthening consumer confidence. The provider should provide its consumer with effective ways to address their concerns, and encourages them to take an active role in improving and assuring their health. In order to reaffirm the importance of a strong relationship between patients and their health care providers the provider should respect their consumers’ rights. And vice versa the consumer should be cooperative enough in order for the provider to give the needed and required services. Consumers want to be treated with respect and fairly. To provide and maintain a quality health care system the consumer and the provider should have a mutual respect. Cases wherein there is discrimination on the services provided should be given focused. One important factor that a consumer is very particular of is the assurance that their identity should be treated with confidentiality. The provider can disseminate information about the consumer only if needed and required by law. On the other hand the consumer should also give respect to the provider. The consumer should be cooperative enough in order to help the provider to give services that they needed. The consumer should also do its part in order to have a better

A clash of cultures :: English Literature

A clash of cultures The two main stories which have a negative end are â€Å"The Train from Rhodesia† and â€Å"The Gold Legged Frog†. Both of these stories include the aspect of â€Å"a clash of culture† which acts as a catalyst for the negative endings. â€Å"The Train from Rhodesia† incorporates the aspect of two cultures from different parts of the world coming together. This story is an allegory and outlines the clash of cultures when white people come into black people’s land and exploit them. The story is about a young couple who are on holiday and they have bought lots of souvenirs. At the platform the young women is attracted to a skilfully carved lion. The young woman doesn’t buy the lion since she thinks that the price is too high. When the train starts to leave the platform the old black man comes running after the train and sells the lion to the young man at half the original price. The young man tells her wife about his success and tries to please her but the young women reacts differently; she is furious at her husband. The young women is angry at her husband for humiliating the old man and making him run after the train, on top of that giving him less than half price for the lion. She feels that the price paid does not reflect the creativity and time spent on carving the lion. An alternative interpretation of this situation could be that the young woman was actually angry at her self. â€Å"The heat of shame mounted through her legs and body and sounded in her ears like the sound of sand pouring†. This quote could mean that the woman was actually angry at her self for not buying the lion at full price in the first place, after all her husband was only trying to please her and didn’t think how he was exploiting the poor black man. In this story symbolism is also a main aspect; â€Å"†¦, and the lion, fallen on its side in the corner.† The lion symbolises the exploitation of black men, emphasises how inferior black man are thought of and that at the end of the day skilful work created by black men is just thrown aside. The writer presents the details of the surroundings and the black people living in poverty through the young woman’s eyes; â€Å"Out of the window, on the other side, there was nothing; sand and bush; a thorn tree.† This strong imagery which we discover through the woman’s eyes means that we feel even more sympathetic towards the black and poor people

Bluetooth Applications

BLUETOOTH APPLICATION ABSTRACT In the current scenario the world is plagued by accidents which are primarily due to human errors in judgment and hence thousands of lives are lost. These accidents can be avoided if only there was a mechanism to alert the driver of approaching danger. This can be done by monitoring the distance between nearby cars and alerting the driver whenever the distance becomes too short. This is precisely the aim of this paper.In this paper we propose the use of Bluetooth Technology by which we can check the speed of the car whenever it comes dangerously close to any other vehicle up front, thereby saving very many lives. CONTENTS: 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS 3. OPERATION 4. AUTOMATIC BRAKING SYSTEM 5. REPRESENTATION OF OUR IDEA 6. CONCLUSION 7. REFERENCES INTRODUCTION Since Bluetooth devices are capable of communicating with eight other devices simultaneously we can monitor and check the speeds of up to eight cars simultaneously, thus preventing accidents.Thus if we have two Bluetooth enabled devices in two cars the devices automatically communicate with each other when they come in the range of up to 100 meters of each other. The range is dependant on the power class of the product. Power transmission rates vary in many Bluetooth devices depending upon the power saving features available in a particular unit, bandwidth requirements, transmission distance. The statistics of road accidents is tremendous and highlights the need for such a system. The following is a statistic on the number of road accidents occurring each year.ROAD ACCIDENT STATISTICS OF INDIA 1970-2003 | |   |   |   |   |   |   | |Sl. No. | |Source:   Data received from States/UTs. | s OPERATION Because of traveling at high speeds there is a possibility of having accident. The figure 2 shows that when two cars or more come within the distance of 10 km at high speeds there is a possibility of having accidents. The Bluetooth radio is a short dist ance, low power radio operating in the unlicensed spectrum of 2. GHz and using a nominal antenna power of 20 dBm. [pic] At the 20 dB the range is 100 meters, meaning equipment must be Within 100 meters to each other (about 328 feet) to communicate using the Bluetooth standard. With the help of this technology we can send data to the eight devices. The group of eight devices is known as piconet. Here we have a piconet and a scatternet, in the piconet M is the master and S1 to S7 are the slaves [pic] Radio communication is subjected to noise and interference, as the 2. 4 GHz frequencies are shared between the all device in piconet.So the Bluetooth specification has solved this problem by employing what is called as spectrum spreading, in which the Bluetooth radio hops among different frequencies very quickly. There are 79 hops starting at 2. 402 GHz and stopping at 2. 480 GHz, each of which is displaced by 1 MHz. The Bluetooth avoids interference by hoping around these 79 frequencies 1600 times per second. So in order to avoid it we use bluetooth equipped car, in which each car have bluetooth transmitter and receiver. And the every car should have mini computer to monitor the relative position of the car with the other car. pic]When any car comes close together bluetooth device sends warning signal to the car. Based on the type of warning signal received the computer sends signal to the brake control system to slow down the speed of the car. There are two types of control signals. First type of signal control the speed of the car and the second type of signal is to overtake the car which is moving forward. Schematic diagram of car: [pic] AUTOMTIC BRAKE SYSTEM: The automatic brake system is the next generation braking system for controlling the speed of the car.On receiving the control signal from the traveling car the computer inside the car manipulates the signal and gives control signal to the braking system. There are four main components to an automatic brak ing system: †¢ speed sensors †¢ pump †¢ valves †¢ controller [pic] Automatic braking pump and valves The computer constantly monitors the distance between each of these cars and when it senses that the car is getting too close it moves the hydraulic valves to increase the pressure on the braking circuit, effectively increasing the braking force on the wheels.If the distance between two vehicle is within the 100m the Bluetooth devices get enabled and if the distance come closer within 10m the automatic braking system takes the control. After the speed of the car is reduced and distance increased the hydraulic valves decreases the pressure on the braking circuit, thus effectively decrease the braking force on the wheels. The following steps show the various functions of the hydraulic valves: †¢ in position one, the valve is open; pressure from the master cylinder is passed right through to the brake. in position two, the valve blocks the line, isolating that b rake from the master cylinder. This prevents the pressure from rising further should the driver push the brake pedal harder. †¢ in position three, the valve releases some of the pressure from the brake.REPRESENTATION OF OUR IDEA In the figure 7 when car A and car B come within the range of 100m both the Bluetooth devices get enabled and if any one of the car comes too fast then the bluetooth device sends a warning signal to the other car and it processes the signal and gives it to the automatic braking system. pic] CONCLUSION: The Bluetooth technology is being widely adopted by the Industry leaders. The possibility for new applications is very exciting with this Versatile technology. It provides a simple, logical answer to all the Problems-which is built a single common radio into every mobile computer, then neither do companies have to worry about WAN, nor do communication companies need to worry about building external cables. The Bluetooth communication device will thus be a small, low powered radio in a chip that will talk to other Bluetooth enabled products.Bluetooth has been designed to solve a number of connectivity problems experienced by the mobile workers & consumers. Thus, this technology helps make the electronic devices more user friendly and helps address various other problems like accidents. ———————– Fig 1 CAR 1 CAR 6 CAR 4 CAR 3 CAR 7 CAR 8 CAR 5 CAR 2 MINI COMPUTER INSIDE THE CAR Fig 2 M S72222222 S1 M2 S2 S1 M1/S S1 S1/S3 M1 S3 Fig 3 Fig 4 Fig 5 Fig 6 Within 10m Sends warning signal Receives signal and control the speed of car Fig 7

Battle of Corregidor, 1942 - World War II

The Battle of Corregidor was fought May 5-6, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945) and was the last major engagement of the Japanese conquest of the Philippines. A fortress island, Corregidor commanded access to Manila Bay and housed a multitude of batteries. With the Japanese invasion in 1941, American and Filipino forces withdrew to the Bataan Peninsula and Corregidor to await assistance from abroad. While fighting raged along the Bataan line in early 1942, Corregidor served as the headquarters for General Douglas MacArthur until he was ordered to leave for Australia in March. With the peninsulas fall in April, the Japanese shifted their attention to capturing Corregidor. Landing on May 5, Japanese forces overcame fierce resistance before compelling the garrison to capitulate. As part of the Japanese terms, Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright was made to surrender all American forces in the Philippines. Fast Facts: Battle of Corregidor (1942) Conflict: World War II (1939-1945)Dates: May 5-6, 1942Armies Commanders:AlliesLieutenant General Jonathan WainwrightBrigadier General Charles F. MooreColonel Samuel Howard13,000 menJapanLieutenant General Masaharu HommaMajor General Kureo TanaguchiMajor General Kizon Mikami75,000 menCasualties:Allies: 800 killed, 1,000 wounded, and 11,000 capturedJapanese: 900 killed, 1,200 wounded Background Located in Manila Bay, just south of the Bataan Peninsula, Corregidor served as a key element in the Allied defensive plans for the Philippines in the years after World War I. Officially designated Fort Mills, the small island was shaped like a tadpole and was heavily fortified with numerous coastal batteries which mounted 56 guns of various sizes. The wide western end of the island, known as Topside, contained most of the islands guns, while barracks and support facilities were located on a plateau to the east known as Middleside. Further east was Bottomside which contained the town of San Jose as well as dock facilities (Map). Looming over this area was Malinta Hill which housed an array of fortified tunnels. The main shaft ran east-west for 826 feet and possessed 25 lateral tunnels. These housed the offices for General Douglas MacArthurs headquarters as well as storage areas. Connected to this system was a second set of tunnels to the north which contained a 1,000-bed hospital and medical facilities for the garrison (Map). General Douglas MacArthur, 1945. Library of Congress Further to the east, the island tapered to a point where an airfield was located. Due the perceived strength of Corregidors defenses, it was dubbed the Gibraltar of the East. Supporting Corregidor, were three other facilities around Manila Bay: Fort Drum, Fort Frank, and Fort Hughes. With the beginning of the Philippines Campaign in December 1941, these defenses were led by Major General George F. Moore. The Japanese Land Following smaller landings earlier in the month, Japanese forces came ashore in force at Luzons Lingayen Gulf on December 22. Though attempts were made to hold the enemy on the beaches, these efforts failed and by nightfall the Japanese were safely ashore. Recognizing that the enemy could not be pushed back, MacArthur implemented War Plan Orange 3 on December 24. This called for some American and Filipino forces to assume blocking positions while the remainder withdrew to a defensive line on the Bataan Peninsula to the west of Manila. To oversee operations, MacArthur shifted his headquarters to the Malinta Tunnel on Corregidor. For this, he was derisively nicknamed Dugout Doug by the troops fighting on Bataan. Allied anti-aircraft gunners on Corregidor, 1941/2. Photograph Courtesy of the US Army Over the next several days, efforts were made to shift supplies and resources to the peninsula with the goal of holding out until reinforcements could arrive from the United States. As the campaign progressed, Corregidor first came under attack on December 29 when Japanese aircraft began a bombing campaign against the island. Lasting for several days, these raids destroyed many of the buildings on the island including the Topside and Bottomside barracks as well as the US Navys fuel depot (Map). Preparing Corregidor In January, the air raids diminished and efforts commenced to enhance the islands defenses. While fighting raged on Bataan, the defenders of Corregidor, consisting largely of Colonel Samuel L. Howards 4th Marines and elements of several other units, endured siege conditions as food supplies slowly dwindled. As the situation on Bataan deteriorated, MacArthur received orders from President Franklin Roosevelt to leave the Philippines and escape to Australia. Initially refusing, MacArthur was convinced by his chief of staff to go. Departing on the night of March 12, 1942, he turned over command in the Philippines to Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright. Traveling by PT boat to Mindanao, MacArthur and his party then flew to Australia on a B-17 Flying Fortress. Back in the Philippines, efforts to resupply Corregidor largely failed as ships were intercepted by the Japanese. Prior to its fall, only one vessel, the MV Princessa, successfully eluded the Japanese and reached the island with provisions. As the position on Bataan neared collapse, around 1,200 men were shifted to Corregidor from the peninsula. With no alternatives remaining, Major General Edward King was forced to surrender Bataan on April 9. Having secured Bataan, Lieutenant General Masaharu Homma turned his attention to capturing Corregidor and eliminating enemy resistance around Manila. On April 28, Major General Kizon Mikamis 22nd Air Brigade began an aerial offensive against the island. A Desperate Defense Shifting artillery to the southern part of Bataan, Homma began a relentless bombardment of the island on May 1. This continued until May 5 when Japanese troops under Major General Kureo Tanaguchi boarded landing craft to assault Corregidor. Just before midnight, an intense artillery barrage hammered the area between North and Cavalry Points near the islands tail. Storming the beach, the initial wave of 790 Japanese infantry met fierce resistance and was hampered by oil which had washed ashore on Corregidors beaches from the numerous ships sunk in the area. Hospital in the Malinta Tunnel, Corregidor. US Army Though American artillery exacted a heavy toll on the landing fleet, the troops on the beach succeeded in gaining a foothold after making effective use of Type 89 grenade dischargers known as knee mortars. Fighting heavy currents, the second Japanese attack attempted to land further east. Hit hard as they came ashore, the assaulting forces lost most of their officers early in the fighting was largely repulsed by the 4th Marines. The survivors then shifted west to join with the first wave. Struggling inland, the Japanese began to make some gains and by 1:30 AM on May 6 had captured Battery Denver. Becoming a focal point of the battle, the 4th Marines quickly moved to recover the battery. Heavy fighting ensued which became hand-to-hand but ultimately saw the Japanese slowly overwhelm the Marines as reinforcements arrived from the mainland. The Island Falls With the situation desperate, Howard committed his reserves around 4:00 AM. Moving forward, approximately 500 Marines were slowed by Japanese snipers which had infiltrated through the lines. Though suffering from ammunition shortages, the Japanese took advantage of their superior numbers and continued to press the defenders. Around 5:30 AM, approximately 880 reinforcements landed in the island and moved to support the initial assault waves. Four hours later, the Japanese succeeded in landing three tanks on the island. These proved key in driving the defenders back to concrete trenches near the entrance to the Malinta Tunnel. With over 1,000 helpless wounded in the Tunnels hospital and expecting additional Japanese forces to land on the island, Wainwright began to contemplate surrender. Surrender of American troops at Corregidor, Philippine Islands, May 1942. Photograph Courtesy of the National Archives Records Administration Aftermath Meeting with his commanders, Wainwright saw no other option but to capitulate. Radioing Roosevelt, Wainwright stated, There is a limit of human endurance, and that point has long been passed. While Howard burned the 4th Marines colors to prevent capture, Wainwright sent emissaries to discuss terms with Homma. Though Wainwright only wished to surrender the men on Corregidor, Homma insisted that he surrender all remaining US and Filipino forces in the Philippines. Concerned about those US forces that had already been captured as well as those on Corregidor, Wainwright saw little choice but comply with this order. As a result, large formations such as Major General William Sharps Visayan-Mindanao Force were forced to surrender without having played a role in the campaign. Though Sharp complied with the surrender order, many of his men continued to battle the Japanese as guerillas. The fighting for Corregidor saw Wainwright lose around 800 killed, 1,000 wounded, and 11,000 captured. Japanese losses numbered 900 killed and 1,200 wounded. While Wainwright was imprisoned in Formosa and Manchuria for the remainder of the war, his men were taken to prison camps around the Philippines as well as used for slave labor in other parts of the Japanese Empire. Corregidor remained under Japanese control until Allied forces liberated the island in February 1945. USS Claxton provides fire support during the Battle of Corregidor (1945). Photograph Courtesy of the US Government